根據(jù)周二內(nèi)閣秘書(shū)處一個(gè)小組的提議，這個(gè)亞洲國(guó)家將考慮從2017年起更新其基本的氫戰(zhàn)略，目標(biāo)是到2040年使用大約1200萬(wàn)噸燃料來(lái)源。日本政府將在5月底之前制訂具體的戰(zhàn)略調(diào)整計(jì)劃。
此舉正值日本加倍努力實(shí)施使用氫和氨來(lái)減少排放并在2050年前實(shí)現(xiàn)碳中和的計(jì)劃。像Jera Co.這樣的發(fā)電廠正在努力在火力發(fā)電廠燃燒少量氫氣和氨，同時(shí)燃燒液化天然氣和煤炭，目標(biāo)是最終完全取代化石燃料。
日本的目標(biāo)是到2030年實(shí)現(xiàn)300萬(wàn)噸氫的使用，到2050年實(shí)現(xiàn)2000萬(wàn)噸氫的使用。該國(guó)的公共和私營(yíng)部門(mén)已經(jīng)與阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長(zhǎng)國(guó)和澳大利亞等國(guó)建立了合作伙伴關(guān)系，以建立供應(yīng)鏈，將大量的燃料海運(yùn)貨物運(yùn)送到這個(gè)島國(guó)。
氫和氨可以從可再生能源中產(chǎn)生，以制造無(wú)碳燃料，但制造和運(yùn)輸它們的技術(shù)仍處于發(fā)展的早期階段，在可能廣泛使用之前，必須解決成本高等挑戰(zhàn)。
將氫和氨與化石燃料一起混合燃燒也引發(fā)了七國(guó)集團(tuán)(Group of Seven)的爭(zhēng)論，七國(guó)集團(tuán)的能源和環(huán)境部長(zhǎng)本月晚些時(shí)候?qū)⒃谌毡颈焙５琅e行會(huì)議。批評(píng)人士說(shuō)，該計(jì)劃成本高、效率低，在減少二氧化碳污染的同時(shí)，可能會(huì)增加其他溫室氣體的排放。
日本政府還宣布了一項(xiàng)行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，包括加快國(guó)內(nèi)可再生能源的開(kāi)發(fā)，如鈣鈦礦(一種薄而靈活的太陽(yáng)能電池原料)和海上浮動(dòng)風(fēng)能。日本將考慮利用新發(fā)行的主權(quán)債券為該行業(yè)的發(fā)展提供資金。
原文如下：
Japan considers funding hydrogen plan with $113 billion investment
Japan will consider setting aside 15 trillion yen ($113 billion) in public and private-sector funds over the next 15 years to create hydrogen and ammonia supply chain to help clean up its energy sector.
The Asian nation will consider updating its basic hydrogen strategy from 2017, with a target to use roughly 12 million tons of the fuel source by 2040, according to a proposal from a panel in Cabinet Secretariat held on Tuesday. The Japanese government will put together a detailed plan on the strategy revision by the end of May.
he move comes as Japan doubles down on plans to use hydrogen and ammonia to reduce emissions and achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Electricity generators like Jera Co. are working to burn small amounts of hydrogen and ammonia alongside liquefied natural gas and coal at thermal power plants, with a goal to eventually completely replace the fossil fuels.
Japan already has a goal to implement 3 million tons of hydrogen use by 2030, and 20 million tons by 2050. Both public and private sectors in the nation have formed partnerships with countries like the United Arab Emirates and Australia to create supply chains that would bring enormous seaborne cargoes of the fuel to the island nation.
Hydrogen and ammonia can be produced from renewable power sources to create carbon-free fuels, but technologies to make and transport them are still in early stages of development, with challenges like high costs that must be resolved before wider use is possible.
Co-firing hydrogen and ammonia along with fossil fuels has also spurred debate among Group of Seven countries, whose energy and environment ministers are meeting later this month in Hokkaido, Japan. Critics say the plan is costly, inefficient and could increase emissions of other greenhouse gases even as it reduces carbon dioxide pollution.
The Japanese government also announced an action plan that includes speeding up development of domestically-made renewable energy, such as perovskite — a thin, flexible solar cell — and floating offshore wind. Japan will consider using its new sovereign bond to help fund development within the industry.
